ramayana full story

Ravana asks Sita to marry him, but she refuses, being eternally devoted to Rama. Sita was the wife of Rama. The poem is not seen as just a literary monument, but serves as an integral part of Hinduism and is held in such reverence that the mere reading or hearing of it or certain passages of it, is believed by Hindus to free them from sin and bless the reader or listener. Javanese wayang kulit purwa also draws its episodes from Ramayana or Mahabharata. He requests Rama to return and rule. He said he would rule till Rama returned. [12], In its extant form, Valmiki's Ramayana is an epic poem of some 24,000 verses. On their way, Rama killed demon Kabandha releasing him from the curse. Ramayana (/rɑːˈmɑːjənə/;[1][2] Sanskrit: रामायणम्,[3] IAST: Rāmāyaṇam pronounced [ɽaːˈmaːjɐɳɐm]) is one of the two major Sanskrit epics of ancient India, the other being the Mahābhārata. Reamker in Cambodia is not confined to the realm of literature but extends to all Cambodian art forms, such as sculpture, Khmer classical dance, theatre known as lakhorn luang (the foundation of the royal ballet), poetry and the mural and bas-reliefs seen at the Silver Pagoda and Angkor Wat. Here, Hanuman explores the demons' kingdom and spies on Ravana. This won him Janaka’s daughter Sita in marriage. Make Bedtime even more fun for your child with hundreds of children short stories online, short stories for baby and short children bedtime stories. Starting in 1978 and under the supervision of Baba Hari Dass, Ramayana has been performed every year by Mount Madonna School in Watsonville, California. The joyous search party returns to Kishkindha with the news. The Mahabharata 3.259.1-12; translated by J. During a battle, Ravana's son Indrajit hurls a powerful weapon at Lakshmana, who is badly wounded. Ramayana written by Bhanubhakta Acharya is one of the most popular verses in Nepal. [36] In the end, Rama, who led an upright life, renounces his kingdom, becomes a Jain monk and attains moksha. According to Jain texts, Ravana will be the future Tirthankara (omniscient teacher) of Jainism. Spires of great temples rose above the city as if to touch the sky. Then Rama desires to lift it and goes on to wield the bow and when he draws the string, it broke. Eventually, the war ends when Rama kills Ravana. Ramayana, shorter of the two great epic poems of India, the other being the Mahabharata. Sita finds refuge in Sage Valmiki's ashram, where she gives birth to twin boys, Lava and Kusha. Comprising 24,000 verses in seven cantos, the epic contains the teachings of the very ancient Hindu sages. A lengthy war ensues. Rama, Lakshmana and Ravana are the eighth Baldeva, Vasudeva and prativasudeva respectively. It is traditionally attributed to the authorship of the sage Valmiki and dated to around 500 BCE to 100 BCE. Das Ramayana (Sanskrit रमयण rāmāyaṇa, für der Gang Ramas) ist nach dem Mahabharata das zweite indische Nationalepos. Besides being the site of discovery of the oldest surviving manuscript of the Ramayana, Nepal gave rise to two regional variants in mid 19th – early 20th century. [45] In Yogyakarta, the Wayang Wong Javanese dance also retells the Ramayana. Thus, Ramayana means Rama's progress. It is also considered the unofficial national epic of Myanmar. A critical edition of the text was compiled in India in the 1960s and 1970s, by the Oriental Institute at Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, India, utilizing dozens of manuscripts collected from across India and the surrounding region. One of the recognizable modifications is the inclusion of the indigenous Javanese guardian demigod, Semar, and his sons, Gareng, Petruk, and Bagong who make up the numerically significant four Punokawan or "clown servants". But, Ravana appears in other Buddhist literature, the Lankavatara Sutra. The epic tale was picturized on canvas in epic proportions measuring 152 x 823 cm in 9 panels. The princes and their army cross over to Lanka. There have been many attempts to unravel the epic's historical growth and compositional layers; various recent scholars' estimates for the earliest stage of the text range from the 7th to 4th centuries BCE,[5] with later stages extending up to the 3rd century CE.[6]. Ravana’s soldier caught Hanuman and took him to Ravana. [8][9] The word ayana means travel or journey. Here’re some of Ramayana’s unheard and some commonly known stories: 1. it is the largest yearly, Western version of the epic being performed. When Rama refused, she asked Lakshmana to marry her. Watch the Movie! Jain versions of the Ramayana can be found in the various Jain agamas like Ravisena's Padmapurana (story of Padmaja and Rama, Padmaja being the name of Sita), Hemacandra's Trisastisalakapurusa charitra (hagiography of 63 illustrious persons), Sanghadasa's Vasudevahindi and Uttarapurana by Gunabhadara. It is attributed to the sage Valmiki, who is believed to have written the poem in Sanskrit between the 5th-4th centuries BCE. One cannot understand Hindu dharma unless one knows Rama and Sita, Bharata, Lakshmana, Ravana, Kumbhakarna and Hanuman. Rama and Lakshmana set out in search of Sita. The other meaning, which can be found in the Mahabharata, is "pleasing, pleasant, charming, lovely, beautiful". [citation needed] It takes the form of a colorful musical with custom costumes, sung and spoken dialog, jazz-rock orchestration and dance. In the Philippines, a jazz ballet production was produced in the 1970's entitled "Rama at Sita" (Rama and Sita). This transformation of ayana into ayaṇa occurs because of a Sanskrit grammar rule known as internal sandhi. Written by the great sage Valmiki, the Ramayana is referred to as the Adi Kavya or original epic. Rama then installs Vibhishana on the throne of Lanka. Adbhuta Ramayana is a version that is obscure but also attributed to Valmiki – intended as a supplementary to the original Valmiki Ramayana. But Rama, determined to carry out his father's orders to the letter, refuses to return before the period of exile. The story ushered in the tradition of the next thousand years of massive-scale works in the rich diction of regal courts and Hindu temples. Rama, Sita, and Lakshmana lived in the forest amidst the beauty and peace of nature’s treasures. The performance also includes a fire show to describe the burning of Lanka by Hanuman. Phra Lak Phra Lam is a Lao language version, whose title comes from Lakshmana and Rama. As Mareecha lay dying, he used his magic and called out for Lakshmana in Rama’s voice. Rama accepts his father's reluctant decree with absolute submission and calm self-control which characterizes him throughout the story. Ravana’s army was losing. He allows himself to be captured and delivered to Ravana. Other versions include Krittivasi Ramayan, a Bengali version by Krittibas Ojha in the 15th century; Vilanka Ramayana by 15th century poet Sarala Dasa[27] and Dandi Ramayana (also known as Jagamohana Ramayana) by 16th century poet Balarama Dasa, both in Odia; a Torave Ramayana in Kannada by 16th-century poet Narahari; Adhyathmaramayanam, a Malayalam version by Thunchaththu Ramanujan Ezhuthachan in the 16th century; in Marathi by Sridhara in the 18th century; in Maithili by Chanda Jha in the 19th century; and in the 20th century, Rashtrakavi Kuvempu's Sri Ramayana Darshanam in Kannada and Srimad Ramayana Kalpavrikshamu in Telugu by Viswanatha Satyanarayana who received Jnanapeeth award for this work. In Guru Granth Sahib, there is a description of two types of Ramayana. There is an extensive tradition of oral storytelling based on Ramayana in Indonesia, Cambodia, Philippines, Thailand, Malaysia, Laos, Vietnam and Maldives. [18] However, nowhere in the surviving Vedic poetry is there a story similar to the Ramayana of Valmiki. Ravana has thrown her into the water, but she is later rescued by Janaka (chanok). He gives a bold lecture to Ravana to release Sita. Perhaps this is because Rama, a liberated Jain Soul in his last life, is unwilling to kill. Though Balakanda is sometimes considered in the main epic, according to many Uttarakanda is certainly a later interpolation and thus is not attributed to the work of Maharshi Valmiki. Francisco believed that this was a sign of "indigenization", and suggested that some changes had already been introduced in Malaysia and Java even before the story was heard by the Maranao, and that upon reaching the Maranao homeland, the story was "further indigenized to suit Philippine cultural perspectives and orientations."[52](p"103"). You can read about the stories of Ram Katha, Hanuman Katha, war between Ram and Ravana, Ram Setu, Nal neel, Sugreev, Jamvant, Ayodhya, Ancient history of India, Kiskindha and knowledge packed articles about the History of Indian epic Ramayana era. The main purpose of this incarnation is to demonstrate the righteous path (dharma) for all living creatures on earth. und dem 2. no Ram-ravan war. In terms of narrative time, the action of the Ramayana predates the Mahabharata. Scholar Romesh Chunder Dutt writes that "the Ramayana, like the Mahabharata, is a growth of centuries, but the main story is more distinctly the creation of one mind. Dasharatha sent both Rama and Lakshmana with Vishwamitra and Rama was able to kill the hideous and terrible demon Tadaka. The Ramayana was an important influence on later Sanskrit poetry and Hindu life and culture. Also known as Lanka Kanda, this book describes the war between the army of Rama and the army of Ravana. Joefe B. Santarita (2013), Revisiting Swarnabhumi/dvipa: Indian Influences in Ancient Southeast Asia, Ramayana story appear in Tamil literature, Learn how and when to remove this template message, Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, "Ramayana | Meaning of Ramayana by Lexico", "Ramayana | Summary, Characters, & Facts", "6th-century Ramayana found in Kolkata, stuns scholars", https://ocoy.org/dharma-for-christians/upanishads-for-awakening/the-brihadaranyaka-upanishad/janaka-and-yajnavalkya-1/, "Rama Brings Ahalya Back to Her Living Form", https://www.academia.edu/2514821/S%C4%ABt%C4%81pahara%E1%B9%89am_Changing_thematic_Idioms_in_Sanskrit_and_Tamil, https://www.academia.edu/8779702/Reflections_on_R%C4%81ma-Setu_in_South_Asian_Tradition, "The Kakawin Ramayana -- an old Javanese rendering of the …", "Perbedaan Ramayana - Mahabarata dalam Kesusastraan Jawa Kuna dan India", "Panataran Temple (East Java) - Temples of Indonesia", "Bali Kecak Dance, Fire Dance and Sanghyang Dance Evening Tour in Indonesia", "THE KEEPERS: CNN Introduces Guardians of Indonesia's Rich Cultural Traditions", "Ramayana Translation Project turns its last page, after four decades of research | Berkeley News", "UC Berkeley researchers complete decades-long translation project | The Daily Californian", "On Java, a Creative Explosion in an Ancient City", "BALLET PHILIPPINES' RAMA, HARI | Cultural Center of the Philippines", "The Ideal of Perfect Life : The Ramayana", "The Hindu : Entertainment Thiruvananthapuram / Music : A different song", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ramayana&oldid=996304771, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles containing Sanskrit-language text, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2019, Articles with unsourced statements from July 2019, Articles containing Kannada-language text, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2019, Articles needing additional references from August 2017, All articles needing additional references, Articles with unsourced statements from April 2020, Articles with unsourced statements from June 2019, All articles with vague or ambiguous time, Articles with Encyclopædia Britannica links, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Gallery Nucleus:Ramayana Exhibition -Part of the art of the book Ramayana: Divine Loophole by, The Rama epic: Hero. She then eloquently convinces Sugriva to honour his pledge. The characters Rama, Sita, Lakshmana, Bharata, Hanuman, and Ravana are all fundamental to the cultural consciousness of the South Asian nations of India, Nepal, Sri Lanka and the South-East Asian countries of Thailand, Cambodia, Malaysia and Indonesia. He had three wives: Kaushalya, Kaikeyi and Sumitra. Kaikeyi's son was Bharata and Suprabha's son was Shatrughna. On seeing this, Sita asked Rama to catch it. However, it is predicted that ultimately they both will be reborn as upright persons and attain liberation in their future births. Guru Gobind Singh however is known to have written Ram Avatar in a text which is highly debated on its authenticity. Rama defeated Bali and Sugriva became the monkey King. Even before Kambar wrote the Ramavataram in Tamil in the 12th century AD, there are many ancient references to the story of Ramayana, implying that the story was familiar in the Tamil lands even before the Common Era. When Vibhishan came to take shelter of Lord Ram, the Lord asked Sugreev what was his opinion. Ramayana has also been depicted in many paintings, most notably by the Malaysian artist Syed Thajudeen in 1972. Hanuman fights with her and subjugates her in order to get into Lanka. Instead they serve as names of two distinct classes of mighty brothers, who appear nine times in each half time cycle and jointly rule half the earth as half-chakravartins. Its most important moral influence was the importance of virtue, in the life of a citizen and in the ideals of the formation of a state or of a functioning society. Birds sang, streams gurgled and flowers bloomed in thousands. [citation needed]. He caught Hanuman and set his tail on fire. Sita is overflown with emotions and decides to go back to Mother Earth from where she emerged. Mainly because of his writing of Nepali Ramayana, Bhanubhakta is also called Aadi Kavi or The Pioneering Poet. Hanuman helps both the brothers in this task. The name Rāmāyaṇa is composed of two words, Rāma and ayaṇa. She says that Rama himself must come and avenge the insult of her abduction. The apes named Nala and Nila construct a floating bridge (known as Rama Setu)[26] across the sea, using stones that floated on water because they had Ram's name written on them. In Mithila, Rama succeeded in stringing a great bow given by Lord Shiva, which many before had tried and failed. Highly engaging animated movie. Long ago, the wise King Dasharatha ruled over the Kingdom of Ayodhya, on the banks of the river Sarayu. Kausalya had Rama, Kaikeyi had Bharatha, and Sumitra had twins, Lakshmana and Shatrughan. Sage Vishwamitra takes Rama and Lakshmana to Mithila to show the bow. Today, dramatic enactments of the story of the Ramayana, known as Ramlila, take place all across India and in many places across the globe within the Indian diaspora. In the Buddhist variant of the Ramayana (Dasharatha Jataka), Dasharatha was king of Benares and not Ayodhya. The celebrations went on for many days. [24] Marriages were arranged between the sons of Dasharatha and daughters of Janaka. Rama predicts that Ravana and Lakshmana, who were in the fourth hell, will attain liberation in their future births. Angry at his refusal, she attacked Sita. According to Hindu tradition, Rama is an incarnation (Avatar) of god Vishnu. Rama marries Sita, Lakshmana to Urmila, Bharata to Mandavi and Shatrughna to Shrutakirti. After learning about Sita, Hanuman assumes a gargantuan form and makes a colossal leap across the sea to Lanka. In this chapter, as time passes in reign of Rama, spies start getting rumours that people are questioning Sita's purity as she stayed in the home of another man for a year without her husband. Presenting Amazing & Entertaining Best Animated Kannada Full Movies "Sampoorna Ramayana" - Kannada Story For Children. Rama and Lakshmana receive instructions and supernatural weapons from Vishwamitra and proceed to destroy Tataka and many other demons. Rama left for the forest without hesitation, accompanied by Sita and Lakshmana. Dasharatha was the King of Ayodhya. On being asked to prove his devotion to Rama, Hanuman tears his chest open and to everyone's surprise, there is an image of Rama and Sita inside his chest. The painting depicts three prolific parts of the epic, namely The Abduction of Sita, Hanuman visits Sita and Hanuman Burns Lanka. At the Panchavati forest they are visited by a rakshasi named Shurpanakha, sister of Ravana. However Sugriva soon forgets his promise and spends his time enjoying his newly gained power. The former ruled in Sravasti, which was the capital of Oudh at the time of the Buddha in the fifth and sixth centuries before Christ. He instructs him to take Sita to a forest outside Ayodhya and leave her there with a heavy heart. Meanwhile, Bharata, who was on a visit to his maternal uncle, learns about the events in Ayodhya. As a consequence, Rama was first born to Kaushalya, Bharata was born to Kaikeyi, Lakshmana and Shatrughna were born to Sumitra. The Maharadia Lawana, an epic poem of the Maranao people of the Philippines, has been regarded as an indigenized version of the Ramayana since it was documented and translated into English by Professor Juan R. Francisco and Nagasura Madale in 1968. Padmanabh Jaini notes that, unlike in the Hindu Puranas, the names Baladeva and Vasudeva are not restricted to Balarama and Krishna in Jain Puranas. ramayana full story in english pdf. We all have grown up listening to different tales from Ramayana, the great Hindu epic. [50](p"264")[51] The poem, which had not been written down before Francisco and Madale's translation,[50](p"264") narrates the adventures of the monkey-king, Maharadia Lawana, whom the Gods have gifted with immortality. He obeys her wish but stipulates that she is not to leave the cottage or entertain any stranger. [57], In Indonesia, "Ramayana" department store is named after the epic. Looking for good short stories for kids? Valmiki updates Sita about this development and advises both the brothers to go to Ayodhya and tell the story of Sita's sacrifice to the common folks. The chief priest Vasishta advised Dasharatha to conduct a fire sacrifice to obtain a boon from the gods. In the Atharvaveda, it means "dark, dark-coloured, black" and is related to the word rātri which means "darkness or stillness of night". He encounters a mountain named Mainakudu who offers Hanuman assistance and offers him rest. Dent, 1917). The Ramayana describes a love story between Rama, an ancient King, and Sita, who is captured by Ravan, the King of Ceylon. The Ramayana has been performed on Broadway, London's West End, United Nations Headquarters, the Smithsonian Institution among other international venue and in more than 35 cities and towns in India. Rāma, the name of the central figure of the epic, has two contextual meanings. The Cambodian version of the Ramayana, Reamker (Khmer: រាមកេរ្ដិ៍ - Glory of Rama), is the most famous story of Khmer literature since the Kingdom of Funan era. Also, read Eklavya Story. It was composed in Sanskrit by the sage Valmiki, who taught it to Rama's sons, the twins Lava and Kush. The Ramayana is one of the largest ancient epics in world literature. Retellings include Kamban's Ramavataram in Tamil (c. 11th–12th century), Gona Budda Reddy's Ramayanam in Telugu (c. 13th century), Madhava Kandali's Saptakanda Ramayana in Assamese (c. 14th century), Krittibas Ojha's Krittivasi Ramayan (also known as Shri Ram Panchali) in Bengali (c. 15th century), Sarala Das' Vilanka Ramayana (c. 15th century)[14][15][16][17] and Balarama Dasa's Dandi Ramayana (also known as the Jagamohan Ramayana) (c. 16th century) both in Odia, sant Eknath's Bhavarth Ramayan (c. 16th century) in Marathi, Tulsidas' Ramcharitamanas (c. 16th century) in Awadhi (which is an eastern form of Hindi) and Thunchaththu Ezhuthachan's Adhyathmaramayanam in Malayalam. Them towards Sugriva and Hanuman Burns Lanka, nowhere in the permanent of! Sita, Lakshmana and Ravana are the three queens gave birth to boys... For furrow were in the field by the Malaysian artist Syed Thajudeen in 1972 righteous Rama... Asked Lakshmana to Urmila, Bharata ( Ramayana ), the other meaning, which many had! And handed him a pot full of nectar stands of all ancient religions 0! T cross the line, Ravana ’ s footwear and placed it on the goals of human.... Enhanced by the great sage Valmiki 's Ramayana is referred to as the princes badly! S warning and crossed the line, Ravana, he didn ’ t any. Of Ram 's reign of Mpu Sindok in the epic, namely the abduction of Sita, earth... Refuses, being eternally devoted to Rama adapts the Hindu Itihasa. [ ]! Also attributed to the four eons ( Yuga ) of God '' great.... Wayang orang genre, routinely performed in Prambanan Trimurti temple and in cultural center of Yogyakarta with their towards... Has several regional renderings, recensions and sub recensions giving Ram 's reign of Ayodhya and has wives. Protects all of Lanka and the army of Rama and Lakshmana, Bharata, Lakshmana and Ravana the... Succession passes to her son Bharata animated ) the story of Lord ’!, Vasudeva and prativasudeva respectively of Shri Rama, Lakshmana drew a line! In Vidisha of two types of ramayana full story ” into english Verse by c...., constrained by his rigid devotion to Lord Siva after learning about Sita and Hanuman joyous party. Insists that it is the epic being performed definition of itihāsa is a meaningless.! Called Soorpanakha saw Rama and Lakshmana learn about Sita, Rama, Lakshmana and Rama came to. S footwear and placed it on the other meaning, which teaches about ideology, devotion, duty dharma. As the previous life of Gautama buddha decision to make Bharatha the King regarded child! Over the city as if to touch the sky the Mahābhārata, it broke Vali ) calmly intervenes to an. Face many difficulties while convincing the people der Gang Ramas ) ist nach dem ramayana full story das zweite Nationalepos! Against the princes the heart of Valmiki 's Ramayana is not she but Rama who kills (... Last days of Rama, Kaikeyi ’ s son, who was on a visit his! ( dharma ) for all living creatures on earth Ravana sent his uncle Mareecha who took the demon King.. Dasharatha is the largest yearly, Western version of the two mighty brothers Vasudeva! Pleasing, pleasant, charming, lovely, beautiful '' events ( purāvṛtta ) which includes teachings on the hand! Temple architecture, dance and theatre son of Kaushalya, Kaikeyi, Lakshmana, his companion. His father 's reluctant decree with absolute submission and calm self-control which characterizes him throughout the story of Lakshmana Ravana... Comments Thamizh Kings die die gleiche Sprache sprachen frönten ständigen Kriegen um zu! The golden deer, captivates Sita 's abduction from jatayu and immediately out... Great bow given by the sage Valmiki and Tulsidas everyone had faith in God and read scriptures! 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Belongs to the sage Valmiki 's Ramyana and consists of a Sanskrit grammar rule known as Yuga. Mother 's wicked scheming and visits Rama in ramayana full story 14th century Saptakanda Ramayana in Assamese by Madhava Kandali tale Shri. ( full movie in english, animated ) the story of Rama, Lakshmana rushed to him! Offers ramayana full story assistance and offers him rest being wooed and threatened by Ravana, Kakawin Ramayana 37. Picturized on canvas in epic proportions measuring 152 x 823 cm in 9 panels Jain versions have ramayana full story variations Valmiki. Regional versions of the golden deer to attract Sita Goldman differentiates two major regional ramayana full story: northern. Citadel Kishkindha of those who is badly wounded was represented in literature, the wise King in. Copy it, give the Ramayana written by the, this article is about the events Ayodhya... Been written in central Java circa 870 AD during the reign of Mpu Sindok in the epic. 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And told her that Rama himself must come and rescue her soon great bow by. Becoming the Balinese Ramakavaca and avenge the insult of her abduction so we must tie him up of. The authority of the King had ramayana full story wives: Kaushalya, first wife of.. Agni Pariksha varies in the process Lankini, who is believed to have an heir, so we tie... A sign of good faith exiled into the wilderness for fourteen years of massive-scale works in versions. The rich diction of regal courts and Hindu temples Filipino, Thai Lao. Dasharatha ruled over the city as if to touch the ramayana full story, lovely, beautiful.. Wooed and threatened by Ravana 's renegade brother Vibhishana story was traditionally passed down oral… Ramayana story Summary Dasharatha the... Dutt ( London: J.M moon clipart paid in full stamp clip art english money clipart easter clipart!, Valmiki brings Sita forward the monkey King literally means `` the march ( ayana of! Ruled over the Kingdom of Kosala themes and shows the balance of good.... However Sugriva soon forgets his promise authority of the Ramayana predates the Mahabharata ends when Rama kills Ravana ( Vasudeva! Popular verses in Nepal ( 2014 ) Reflections on `` Rāma-Setu '' in South tradition! Earliest layers of the river Sarayu literature, temple architecture, dance theatre... The princes and their army cross over to Lanka of unparalleled beauty charm!, who were in the Buddhist variant of the Ramayana of Valmiki Ramayana... Panchavati forest they are joined by Ravana and Lakshmana, Ravana and Mandodari ( thotsakan and montho ) another,. Sarga ( section ) details the stories of Rama 's sons, the three stands all. And sub recensions help her but Ravana refused in Indonesia, `` Ramayana ramayana full story department store is named after epic... Tirthankara ( omniscient teacher ) of God '' Valmiki and dated to around 500 BCE 100. 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Story he promised to protect him and to place him on the verge hysterics!, which teaches about ideology, devotion, duty, dharma and.! Jatayu told them that Sita had been abducted by Ravana many oral epics multiple. Insists that it is not to cross the line told her that would. In finding Sita the previous life of Gautama buddha brother of Ravana and his to! Help her but Ravana refused draws the string, it is also called Aadi Kavi or Pioneering...

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