Potassium is an essential nutrient that the body requires for a wide range of functions, including keeping the heart beating. K of 2 mEq/L may correlate with a potassium deficit of 400-600 mEq. For oral dosage forms (tablets for solution): To prevent potassium loss or replace potassium lost by the body: Adults and teenagers—25 to 50 milliequivalents (mEq) dissolved in one-half to one glass of cold water, taken one or two times a day. The total amount of potassium in the adult body is about 45 millimole (mmol)/kg body weight (about 140 g for a 175 pound adult; 1 mmol = 1 milliequivalent [mEq] or 39.1 mg potassium) . Patients with hypokalemia often have a large total-body potassium deficit. Potassium PearlsO Potassium is the major intracellular cation.O A healthy adult has roughly 50 mEq/Kg of K+ in his/her body. Potassium Management Marica A. Lazo, MD 2. Severe potassium deficiency is called hypokalemia, and it … O 70 Kg man = 70x50 = 3500 mEq in bodyO Only 2% is found outside the cells and of this only 0.4% of your K+ is found in the plasma. Based on this formula, a patient with a serum potassium of 2.6 mmol/l needs at least 300 mmol of potassium for the correction of the deficit. Your doctor may change the dose if needed. Potassium Management 1. If CrCl < 30 mL/min, reduce dose by 50% 2. Potassium replacement is primarily indicated when hypokalemia is due to potassium loss, and there is a significant deficit in body potassium. This varies depending on acid/base status, but to get a general idea: K of 3 mEq/L may correlate with a potassium deficit of 100-200 mEq. 1 Transcellular potassium homeostasis depends to a large extent on acid-base balance. Low potassium can also cause several mood changes in older adults, including confusion, depression, nervous disorders, and erratic behavior. On average, a reduction of serum potassium by 0.3 mmol/l suggests a total body deficit of 100 mmol. Potassium has a strong relationship with sodium, the main regulator of extracellular fluid volume, including plasma volume. The potassium deficit was repleted at an initial rate of ~40 mEq/h, with additional supplementation of 10 to 40 mEq each hour based on hourly measurement. The size of the deficit is difficult to determine because only 2% of the body's potassium is present in the extracellular fluid. To calculate the amount of potassium supplement, one should have an estimate of the potassium deficit. Because the kidneys are the major regulators of external potassium homeostasis, accounting for approximately 80% of potassium transit from the body, renal dysfunction can result in gross abnormalities in serum potassium levels. Potassium deficiency develops slowly in the elderly through symptoms such as fatigue, muscle weakness, cramps, bone fragility, nausea, vomiting, and higher blood sugar. Kdeficit (in mmol)=(Knormal lower limit -Kmeasured) x body weight (kg) x 0.4. Several have dug a little deeper and found that the potassium-to-sodium ratio may be more important than potassium — or sodium — alone, although precisely what the ratio should be is uncertain. (See "Causes of hypokalemia in adults".) For potassium bicarbonate. Potassium Deficit Equation. the potassium deficit is often large. Standard Adult IV dose High-riskA Adult IV dose Notes Potassium Normal reference: 3.5-5.1 mmol/L 3.6-3.9 mmol/L 20 mEq potassium chloride caps/tabs/powder 20 mEq potassium chloride powder packets (dilute in ~100 mL per packet, see note 3) Use oral/enteral supplementation 20 mEq (see note 4) 1. 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